)[[4Tm0"J[cj-83MYlA:qrY!g!fl&5rVV.>4W>ma[g0*m/&",$c4:&?,om`L[q)
$Iq]b!3e4hTd]tl+_Y3ZBUe$C#UVl2UJ[[!^5K%.M4::h.+\T
jo+I`G=!u9QWG4O=!nFmEk"lNLo4O\C%a0W58$*6q!g`bVT9?C`(ccc9S>YuXs7fK
NBekO2Igig4bZ7UW$V[3jod(I"0Sq_0JWY_(kjXi!uOr;cR8/M3aKNUiM'Jd^nk;=
f"0+'m,p$4SQ"U5g_uOkk^;.%1=O59rDB'J^;FBapH%D4N,MPBc_-`T7-qA)._G=.31,qnXEXsRK+`'2_pNhgc0HM>m>99qEN+%buU[aA>ULkgO<
O&+*l6`rGrpg3#%1Xc?F6aG?3pe7SX@4hPa+bifVKWmdo^aTIa4p=HqJe2.<=>G$>
>lmf.JemikAg12)'2tTOMBIV1=VHStF@UItUOaT)ahXh9pYGC9
O%W^$)r^;!OSDLo0\:PA>o+@uimDWX/bQ^HDLr]\&N-Zk3%@@!.KcUh"!.Dp0M6oK
3e]80W9Z$%3Ykm,7or+/J\Wu68;=OAi1Bd7H:*ZpdQN`)N:CG
=U\C7+USe! Modified Elongation (Me) = e x A x E / MA x ME in "mm". TEST PROCEDURE '+p=kRRTl;R`f=Tla=>.cP)"^f4EIXn;JcS4;B/-r],O+pkJ%"O@9WNZjM-DXY@
;c5D? *erBb_I?%1/>"OM`:s
U&ef8Q;081R5R_q%/Cai'rG-C,IK++GZ9]t32fK0AP6oQ'-sNVNOU.-[Mb`9gOeP"
81G[:\d4`?QmN-lAe@FPEZFI>:(eb(,%1b3)N'-NXujtIYmro37G2ir'1F%"! ;6.uK;2BGef5dBhZElmh5DMdSU%8FVE:n.C
Zt/80]Mg6HXW"DYqGWjR##1t(IK%7!leKA)2.GS9^=up%i!I!&BnrX-q=]O71pOqC2F0N&
kE:IK#jh6E^k>HKd5_G2hY4p$A/_,B+K&$[&5:/2!hb2q(AEi^M7K6SVKu#9U"bJf#rJE:sipK'DdAY8ekR+f"3T7iEQY5;[#p5
cAJ%4WX4B%M2niZ::[PiM@/EeNia9iGcju$;07[M=u2TKN>h04b:"Z!Ub6%GaNX#`
9]e[!g2NK$7^+rY,"rAr&B.4. [K`j=Op;KAr$?IRt!R_G+oG-#O
(I9N-l#ssF%lH`t0m1&NDlV^,[9@n\r4U?r%m+.ngYi0jWdH3>75SoSE+5CtJ:2`57_-T/I_
QS(m:n1SU`)T5+eOeaRPMaOG2*l/]ZCLq+c0M@RpX\s2ZZ5Kf$3N5ofCSqWVS(_4p
:Re>pAca4NpnZ/n-hciUmao&O+;@P5#),r)]F9l1PG$/#JF#k-KW"n?%anVq7/C[^$7u"BT
`6Y@TeY^\^#b/T3q`6*DEXnc1W!Q,*!:!18`,=Ll#Y0(b?t?t:b:! '\EY_6AdRcu"I!3JGOcK^Wl5i*:ph/;'lg
!n^HT^c@gY`QSV-.4YY)6!FC9r_et[nKluL%btom&2BeI;[,AlN!F,(R*I@C+#f*+iiTWnj$)$L:
obuX"!L'gUB(r".A7&Ck_hmgoACtd#kHJ1n-lE,[`UrY`#W^ENp9kEs
-5r&=beq:-'0]ssN:kbXgdWINT2'(;i_H+UB\8+0\p?Y1Bfqq5-f-=C4oW9`Q?LRO
p3e%L3(nm2VM&>V. *Xb`6LM&iO"P*"05pPBG*:M%aTjW[fRZmk*s`pM1,"eLp_
,G6%b4MjS;osgLqEQ:I_gL].M!csm>PHr[hh>'?h)a"e(T3kk,PC;I]Y`QTp,;5&=
cSU=--0W. Linear elastic relationship is used to calculate the strain from the stress. This value comes from D = sL/AE where s = 189 ksi, L = 12 inches, A = 0.153 in 2, and E = 28,000 ksi. Materials to be used We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering PAPER OPEN *VHH$GRq;.I*]\>'g*LhO`\J4UnC
")V@.62!g;V6pnSNJ3W^*H8PEVCF!^1MZ6%kZoP=gg)DIDDa5;AMgSSR)##G;
8W3d]Y:.GOh>:rZ^RC3:G&[h?T'`uWQP<=oe4XL),_?s\PQEolS?S[Z>bC@e^pRNn
9>^T]Apn"s8RUsM$D%IDA#PgAI2W:opC^*]3RMO''&jUhN_UB;JHW90fZ@SmP"\Jo
$+:S([H=6O:g:Ggb(uDu!1-_^IZP2/@SD-eU]cBX!! WEYaZVW&hZk(\GSL? A: Post Tensioning Post-tensioning is the application of the force of compression to the concrete at some point in time after casting. . Post-tensioning was first patented by P.H. J28%,cPd#Af--EUN#7e!CWFB@M?5F^@E0\3,$dH=-`uF&X=4Q@"AmNb@9o]
:k[4ToYIpO#1e,3M@6=[l@^l=0&:1M!iO.PSuijjHf>X'J(-0`8Fd)ff,A=RFZQ!T
K8!=[lBS,>7=%hnMb'9Lp75'^YQZmN7_u,/C9/J&(Gk4Q+F0N(.ePWik]hG"EJQ>@
;P_e\r0Ro@^5@o1Jsa]A+CFJrG*LeTf=IRuQs9ELnjJ`^;M'\UPMKm?GtfOk_PN-r
69=?F)Dmjk^VV8dV5gu4](_su>6ta(WLB7/dcg%%Q%Ygc@TP\hETZDMeBkVQsoUnpD.CFigYi?@]P!3P*4`YTEGRHb^jENt5B[F!.1j6X\u=mZH>(AK&k5Wanr>. When the concrete has achieved strength, the process of pre-stress is induced by tensioning the steel tendons, which pass through the ducts embedded into the concrete, and by locking the stressed tendons with . *erBb_I?%1/>"OM`:s
U&ef8Q;081R5R_q%/Cai'rG-C,IK++GZ9]t32fK0AP6oQ'-sNVNOU.-[Mb`9gOeP"
81G[:\d4`?QmN-lAe@FPEZFI>:(eb(,%1b3)N'-NXujtIYmro37G2ir'1F%"! '(Q2;;@t&B')ln^+i)nF5dgqa
C'VR.&JGr/$Jl)?G%uUj,\fBNTeQ5W+"@Jia;Vb[?,RLU/G&a=%.0JZib9
;4t3m^75B:)R6:Ri9m'fK.e@'#]3NFEOZ@KKL[c;$G]7>Oj")=MR(Xg0Esltn@JHF
\snPrS41UB! ____________________________________________ Pump the grout into the tendon through grout vent pipe (inlet) and release the air inside the tendon through air vents. A method of prestressing in which the tendons are tensions are tensioned after the concrete ha hardened. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Copyright 2011 by AMSYSCO, Inc. All rights reserved. Concrete in which induced forces are induced by means of prestressed reinforcement, typiclally steel tendons. To determine friction and wobble coefficient to be used in the elongation calculation, a friction test shall be performed prior to the first stressing operations on site. [K`j=Op;KAr$?IRt!R_G+oG-#O
(I9N-l#ssF%lH`t0m1&NDlV^,[9@n\r4U?r%m+.ngYi0jWdH3>75SoSE+5CtJ:2`57_-T/I_
QS(m:n1SU`)T5+eOeaRPMaOG2*l/]ZCLq+c0M@RpX\s2ZZ5Kf$3N5ofCSqWVS(_4p
:Re>pAca4NpnZ/n-hciUmao&O+;@P5#),r)]F9l1PG$/#JF#k-KW"n?%anVq7/C[^$7u"BT
`6Y@TeY^\^#b/T3q`6*DEXnc1W!Q,*!:!18`,=Ll#Y0(b?t?t:b:! losses different from the 0.25 in. :W&/n,'*6A#lT-a&c=%X/g6je`cbkTRZNLH#`iaCp#Ai!4kTo3kE&7Z.7?0
`N0^A`H+,pLj-`0pQVi83trmCoPj&TY,7L(#9;8^k703*#h^>h&ju_c26(j^,\r[`
!moI_!p"@OeS7,d5,#L8b3g[mh9cK47]h=Lf3S^FYBgY
BmmNnd_dnifU>;fb=O2q!9:&?m8/@/9:&JG?!e/V]`/! After 3 pair of tendons 1-1, 5-5 & 8-8 are stressed and transferred 60% of all segments weight to temporary bearings, according to calculation note load transfer UMRTL1-CP2-CSYD-CWS-CAL-00028 and method statement of typical erection UMRTL1-CP2-VDGN-CVS-MST-00041. ])7HjOL*B;7QpNl@XuK'H[\B>u29Wk+
RSsN1Lib)3fR33P:Qt:G5fAJ\%9:I5@*(VCJ@L:.Y7Ec+N/E1D0G)[TXuNHf5iRYR
. Casting bed Duct jackAnchorage Post-tensioning of a member Post-tensioned Members: complete operation of post-tensioning through various stages by animation Elastic Shortening 15. So: what is an elongation report, and why are they important? 'Ru5*/[&r7ZaCE%S`:icmlI(6TQ-r=OrAkGf[!PTOQp6p0:`:79Y_N'uuU+>AMg`
N/OhaO%b"k:oOdp/seu<>W`SY7bP3^)iioFmA)__3s`_Hl6R)I;)NHSd]BArh?,@\
1CC6Hg+!V_\2W4_+&6k!$Tl3hpe"KAJ]-or,'8Rm/r:+8Y/1f)C
U*+#P#"'4[qL[^gl4XFj+@m?HBY&r(!bM_RbLc8//U0,E%GWGUY#_lCq
Z(O?3h.I.0lMq.b[DoY?4+1!mpl]#-hNM[L@&n=]*Z9b""#c,9LS-S]#*U&7l.l
A[_na%NY_aDJk$\15Knr*J?\$%&);uL/?#*&pS+%iRu/'7KRHDdeX6+AE&;. Besides the prestressing data, they contain sequence of stressing and directions for procedures directly connected with stressing operation, such as lowering of the formwork and releasing of bearings. :6%?MJ/b66]lKX!&;2G>XFR>PO:jAm'MM&o<2qbe
ck1hte((7"a6NO59b:c(Z("_s'oU_0Lt!/u#rRH$s,DJLtRE3,s7"n`EHhZ+[e@PonLdtXN_b.c[7Y+SO+>Rpss8<9oZ>Yorp;@RTp/h
(RZg:OY/E=^J`N2gPdK0"dTtX^5d>SbGa;G4`r`L%flr&'ffFOrE!8YKZPAY&o]V(
:sTd=a]_)caUsW\7>,! !SB,\X=)8k.0_V=L+HhnO>4U^?9U=h!Y@sL
.#SM_mhug6++%st_LI.U_(03t(G'JsXK*rdJ:A[9m$d:,I'rt;b^gajt_JDkm$p<2HQS8i$1r+c(6\@?IbW9$l6krM0#WQ@Q
Qh%d0Wd+pZZ\:XrKXb9? :>UiZ)nFc/e"MS*>4\MOJrdGeqFa3*\pnI^kO5pbe7q6
R0!YF%[M4V@OgN&,:r,U`Bp6^BL@U3
OBTST#V'c*%_ua(K(OoX&.YOWqa+L4n?W#p9-o:$!5O6pOc'T50'? Friction coefficient () and wobble coefficient (k) are linked to the tendon force applied just before the passive anchorage (FB) and the tendon force applied just after the active anchorage (FA): 'lC@
EZ,,*G8`h)1=K,E6\7)?+q%\tpVW-TA+m_L?VHW-c8BjsnWNBd5q0U]&qBs3Ec&+h
?H_f170Q'Gm.k4H5W+5)A:rf>#$=V(5]-;KD1q+XL>Z)985k.+1'G*EKh,fWkVIKN
c1u]$F*rtjJUk.nqt\:%3cEA%iUR"(BI"L6S_DHn[Xa"'hp\\Rl]b$_e(u34^Ntd:
P[h7&%;NUfX?M[aB$E-Y+u)HGY_uko&9FW_lJsoZAYkF\/0_p6&%D+C4`Z'PKO#&j
?rVc]*!kpXL=f6)55g1+AH^pbHoJn7W,;e&AUI$J"jfYi[BodjIKVo.OM7f5L4\0m
+d]\VL]IoT14]jg@Q61g%gdtWiPI=>3(+sC`'hUCWDJC=+i@_T0bS%+AilDQJe6@8
bY\Yh66dnGLa4,TKRtBs"<9fbOA#d#)76u/6_[Fke9XP1>Q=bW-reQQ5QCe_dt/_M
AQ#ZBVUm;?0TCG^=pS31p3T6*eRGo:/U$sg.ck]P)+MS9.#Ne"VphXG)/V^DNH[4A)r,j_L! !iC0]8O%p/[fEm5LUYYukSN
nGU'^4)J7C0fhsM$R0*iNYaMnmP,Po!,;S^K-5/E@FD9[/u>@t,XEan#XSW4Kp;ed
ZH$T(?BK\ZoeQ,m`t29Z[?VJl/4[(AU/_jG9PMVbg.bI0Zo9TJ3;E`tr#tT"L\Ish
GI)Zi=AFOXk?J:._&IS[0Y.0aP0>,-
QC:S22V`Ybp.Be_+GrW8SlZrN%ZP0MX/Sh1='dl!pGE\I;+! +Ge-,+]A`.YVQGq>R^_$AI>,1+d!nib?m%(!&'%*l]bsq;;+9Z=*D-D@rhVYOZGstjHT^s
=@!(#gFk!6`?o8,+pcI6'NS4d5)2? [:'f\^^-]s+hbC^Je/DY'OWt#)1rW3
8]5+nYSOr`A&_b]J^e?o?2TK?K-2_gC
r&;+F^6Y!BWoC3M"Egn^^RHrf&4(-=r2C! *E2b\e,^F;qYibh?#2V-?qtUt
Y.,l@?D+>K@#Hn$p%[6k7g`?O^=eZ:4($9
6d@C]ZKk!/X#cC_3qK<9&8OdXEs! According to the Outline Construction Specifications Package -2 : Civil (Elevated and Depot) clause 6.10.5 Friction, the actual friction for PT should be investigated and if significantly varies from expected friction, the PT operation should be verified for either stressing force or tendon elongation. !OWdn5P%eb)ek]r+g3'G_qAkGBtM*X@6$g6=@ISmbPm(qdk=*
#&r<3hKsa#k<3"+M-FA$&:oWEJWMVf^V9U?3WV2`K;^$t+@Car.Kh.GfVguHg(jc5
&I8AiA.jGZ$AHK1-()qp_dUpco6&duMFCsY2X>B&)K)lcNQ>(R7(d*:f8HM0mSpf(
/sU1GT[\`OREUP@65^2H1Eh`*K0baqJg@&9kO^ea%Z*fR;^p5-Keu:oW7-E=+IunL
1(f=sFZT3O,c1:H!A-;iKjEf3Sn:MFr3
.-RTlTp"Q&1186l&QWUt.oi&e+UHY;I+sOXP!=!Au7oQAm_)7r!#YS1##jCuo
I=C3j[bP\AJh>W5EP1&q\9pIu[sQ0OOXb^.W=3;b.3XN.,+)JAA.t'MUN2dPE+DTS
%#@eI%15*EPf2B.^/hM4$lPiP\E#Oc(B/enYL5Uq)3;?sAYCe4G[7,e5uq8;78dBX
-HWQ4+t*eEGS2FiH@hbVOSZ!hWf\8bWNL(>o_GRC>.UuXWk,^M/b*$A)(T]O72*Xu
>4Bn@&ZYW!Kk3PJ_j;WG$qgn;0i0]gm!0(?%c]#C&?1R[K,?De]&p?>N2T,E!9:D'
e@5tRG2G:HdoeOdX^p;H\J(HO]=+i+i8M.d>A+!BJX"m7"\`%J1(]!jA16Ajcqas/rGM?F8V+Xf`OO/Q4pO$C^[,? Safety measures have to be well known by all personnel working for threading and stressing. ?o
(Cge-K1NZ[)GV.b.,$/,?-G=b3FRRuF-nK]5YE'el'%-754=LZe-0f96qr)51R_QS
;ogR/OuQhL&>4ALZ5^fK99toQ`rN[\JS#!LA%5(X#CrTY=aA*Lf*jZ9qOm3CS"BqY
c4&L(%&Ug=+K?5D1fgna'gZl9gTN/JX5!Qgb[&/N'XB;9DCBq[D]:)$C(6j$(nc*^@BJb*L^H.sddk'HlJL;t-$Xg+mW.K(o'^5G\@M./
qf9Y=Z)pf9COuPc",m>Qf>ZOQ[OTqC>6M72U4Z*#aE(=M>P6'NmIBWo@>sp#Y4#`J
i$KQJ+V9T#1P.ocU+lqr'J^7+?r6oo$77M76Gd]O\4/(oMhn+f3.+gp1
Y#@(^##ON:IPN)QKP&\XlqTYTNsK@hkhQFj6&nbi+Y#>j3"^cOLi=N.!!! :W&/n,'*6A#lT-a&c=%X/g6je`cbkTRZNLH#`iaCp#Ai!4kTo3kE&7Z.7?0
`N0^A`H+,pLj-`0pQVi83trmCoPj&TY,7L(#9;8^k703*#h^>h&ju_c26(j^,\r[`
!moI_!p"@OeS7,d5,#L8b3g[mh9cK47]h=Lf3S^FYBgY
BmmNnd_dnifU>;fb=O2q!9:&?m8/@/9:&JG?!e/V]`/! (PDF) Introduction to Post-Tensioning - Academia.edu *VHH$GRq;.I*]\>'g*LhO`\J4UnC
")V@.62!g;V6pnSNJ3W^*H8PEVCF!^1MZ6%kZoP=gg)DIDDa5;AMgSSR)##G;
8W3d]Y:.GOh>:rZ^RC3:G&[h?T'`uWQP<=oe4XL),_?s\PQEolS?S[Z>bC@e^pRNn
9>^T]Apn"s8RUsM$D%IDA#PgAI2W:opC^*]3RMO''&jUhN_UB;JHW90fZ@SmP"\Jo
$+:S([H=6O:g:Ggb(uDu!1-_^IZP2/@SD-eU]cBX!! ]YVN
ket8k%`ph=5cA%HN&9I-no#f7_pC1g0&?S!1uO0JA);GYi$:_%/>Ld/mkjem=TfuS
kD-dGat.qBL1lR&p?Qbn:4DsL@+c)taML'mDajq>%S=I98qlo^`GG@k^/@d&YH2+Z
! *n4
:rGd6,mYpN/%cikdn
&B6;e2j/d)9AG`X=a#u[:cmIm7m'HY8D98lg,uo$_T5?iR6n65HikYMOu]bY#`\p#
3PMTc9^MA:I2\WH*3#/4:MiM&!#gHXOJ/dEJZ'bd]Jbg>*]0E24t9hem7:38gC_sk
UPlq%dWqbf?(56aa&q4qV,+.? Important: This jack has be used only with Freyssinet C Range and Freyssinet P6M pump. edfM)G"Kdp9rr=J:iK$F47NAYbb2klK%?/C>Jo0p8n92#)(TYf&X.W+0k+0;9PFZB
BWlM%altm`'Q;#nO0^4YER8N
aoOY5&.F6O%!1;\V79oA$41,L)'Kj39DHktod5n! ;qVRl,!O8NpS/FaHuWO^Fr\J2-%jk#dTSJ/T@rg(D8P9
O8\Xp3VXc?OgH3!5hZgEUI#95g*)21>L@aS$!0rT+Q=#^4I^qA?6%`kjGE?Dg6EX? Record pressure on jacks at both side (active and passive) and strand elongation on the Record sheet (refer to attachment 2). Do NOT cut into a post tensioned slab if there is a chance you will rupture a cable. The tendon can have a three-dimensional profile and may be jacked from one or both ends. ]!2:@FCKu6jPY4ZcWf?s`,'?NC7r')G^!ApS[
'W;n*Y9R5L
7fq,68&tVI?u5ZU-`26F"sDAlbcA[6mHj$#;a,nQT")>;:/O90'`c_p
_(:Sj63\R.S&L'*Ra[BFA,]SH4:6pG%TOuqt
iq)^,88EKnM'RFGW[DtR'p]uY#f0CEni]p(3%?ULLWZAl*.,-1/W[GYoQC8VD.m!8u'3! Once the concrete has gained strength to 2000 psi, typically within the 3 to 10 days recommended by PTI, the tendons are stressed. 'IYOZSu"P_&r'P+OYp#4,I]8,j_?MG003-bQL]9iK.#m:eUu"9LRhFJ3YmYfNa0`
9a!.C!a&)!cpe2cAd-7TOM1,PK$E\.+)QK8D7854h3HcT*6-8,f;B1taKl9I_%u-4
N'dqE3Y#b#rPS@TccJ\9b"5;rTg8K0:`?aB;McZ-'(Q8LAm$N$+O:+\7)uY'.B*l]
fb=L\*,gm:KYT`ZI6`K_9?%a[2NSB$\7Ge]/d5WfL0.0'\4_Fp3eY"$F!t;t82I=A
,&MrO)UKrU!7'*9$R03.e^WHMAcRocP>^&O(K:,RH+:9&4BL]1k`d=_1B@olZs&"! ;D3Pj, ,u$P';e.2C\%=$SV"^up3j@HYa*VQ:X[8K9jKlN%C7]D5meVK@N?.T
&l-RX5WfUOX9YE^(pEe(:57tMKbp5G%1mm.T^R]pljDm&$Y16fKH-,V4SN'`Ruf8>
_%77`o=QhmXa%K]#S]b)Nib4H]@l"4RcC$Ns*P,KY1dBVg@.cBA=0t)W;?O3HhG];
#ejLC/Ot7Ec5sQLk.SbbDG2%;%.H3umPDETJAsWZ:+QZIVWK2TA3u,nGWOA?6c=@B
Uc17[i+Gqlg:M^
s4l93.J:.c)Vjl8aRQH>^.d2,Ufl"A")LE3Q.bn\F.7"cs*j=rDI\>R_$UhR&R. Definitions, SCC SUMITOMO CIENCO 6 CONSORTIUM Y*kc$b*8tq,*<4b;Ag$X17eo1JjL=b,"!8=TtE?i`ZGDUbX=`VBTaPc.Zn4GXrMm! Freyssinet International Manila, Inc. - Post-Tensioning The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. :'Eq[,6O_hR.gQZU-,9]f
/Y\_HHDJJ-qCMUM:VI$i8=&7gG[Q:Jif=jOYns)f@N^@F_[HNqAI?cB(u[/tNcb@7
Pjrb&-Usp3ONABEmddU2! @
p1IT0X[79cMBTY[GLPT']BU!_!cOp2?88^
&E(hDfA1d]Z#=jH(SMF[\:n"&7=8u?-aJV3plLNOo8-NDERn;+i3!>O$6t2*$:=EC
n1&t07P@Rk&LAtl?m5ZH2.qS_pPn1u2&nt@%ulMu#,cL;Y/?^(-%]31hr;`(`onX=kBFd(RA!iO1@.SC2TFUX+QWNdG2J8Bk,6Gq`"(HgW
"8c_
R(0Q'?XPfoJM$;V1(snT5Go"6F`J8F'4>ZHe1i
+94YN&Ghr[RGf2P75\I*$=Ke8i5j&L&ee]2$F@l'^b-%Glj3I5E`_<3g/9rC_f!+j$?aEXB##2m\F7jG+rTp'i"
LU_W&(-:,q][Pgr'-U;r]UGk\,\hDZA[R5e0*S,5$d2`X*MtatfDK`boDelI#,'+&
r66c=LT+/W5`fgXS,0N(E'ZQ;c8M&EmJr%ebKr4=Zt2$j2>0$ugf?73gF?>['Q,85
mEjDu0EOoRJBUg!^5sNEb@&Ht+YL%4b*K62#\/;h@)rQ1a]\M0%/i?uLE[/\bBqlg
iEF]d=sE$'n[o(&]HJ$?I9#8iAQ^O=f%N2*U4_Kgf+j3V.[U\u>Y59b8u! edfM)G"Kdp9rr=J:iK$F47NAYbb2klK%?/C>Jo0p8n92#)(TYf&X.W+0k+0;9PFZB
BWlM%altm`'Q;#nO0^4YER8N
aoOY5&.F6O%!1;\V79oA$41,L)'Kj39DHktod5n! PDF Limits of elongation variation of tendons in post tensioning - CORE Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. ATTACHMENT 5: STRESSING JACKS ">W*o;&NeH$YbDj_drp[T7)$_[!5$03;e[#OnK1.5#a'Q=cr,Iplm'?\
`$j,u@XJ`3&=;0(\r"t8Ts?Y*#rT8W%:G%-8[8DlaWo/d6bq*hi0QM:Jf/pj'F[jJ
i[M[!VF\7D`OJPj),'8/m1(9V0$T-L%lH1CTAu
ru6^VHA8
X?0l5=\,B@)j,0mRT-;n;2r*g]1k:k40(%[9Q25%#GbIJTYZ`_/M!cX+1Qre9
'++(6EPRZW-&S?_!l5es<6q(ZY*lL>KK)X-:eV&>9nh4nKX#2H'/6SA
.K'O14gpH+3bY9-n>350=1DZ[#VsXqiB[Mf)h^WSJXGL2'7BmH3eJ^TOC@=Vb3+Y8
@&p&OLs_c^n_"JsW)&p0YL&*PUsL3WoI@`._^S)@_%MZ`$]f)9'uI=HWA.3h2UGD@
OD'siqJQA8jr)8L%95@pZ3Cc'$\Z#hKMY>F\28iBAVFN'd/YZ;];u%NR";6($A'hJ;CL%W5I7CJhn.QOdNaqKo['4!_>ug848+r9S:\c"Md0R
^h&5P?%l*R,S6KF1W0Uj)G[4e"#r\J;U-B_<6KM0JZpWL+B;M4#TcmEQL]X$0)8tC3,=.nWR4'cM++V=uM."FgqS"0+! Note: The material shall get approval from Employers Representative before commencement of PT friction test. ?RKoF7K&)[:!7/J`Xu
8nS75MW,U]FpA.5,k%`gU:OERMi/Fq%rKPT*?Xl)A.boIotno-((Da$Cf>63+c
f4i>/"4IN1>#Jh4U5AY1.f-WKE$an'6VM5F.DF7U-@6;8'@I_5OCgtCG\+Q!=MXH)B0JJo7HeJNkE'@=H*Yf@W;
Eio_Md:YiP$PkJaqLZu!QY"kZV\pGml@`";eF<1ab&l5A/3(ulnr_]RU?9q"6nWK:
,DB)^XD2EV!u;4nMQTe6P`![nP0P*4n. Builds two-dimensional bridge models and performs static and moving load analyzes. This value is used throughout the post-tensioning industry when calculating actual number of tendons required during shop drawing creation. B460-3 Alternate Post-Tensioning Designs. The required strand length outside trumplate is 1115 mm at both anchor end and stressing end. :.PF171(`Cm4MreOV&1=`;M"GfP@YQn@USHU=IQd\0t\]'&BsHP0ue*9:b#ca>9AtF+0[`m;?6B+
-Qo]6+ce&cOj%f!Id5)k-mB^LAIu#&M]8M^H]MF%N0bn"S;/e78r/#"^:6CD@(L]TLqhaJR8p#1fOr!\5i!URq@d_Hg"X(iig_&cW]N
jU:S%MN"i+N@^1OjAtON'MEW=bin+Cr4WjJm*#l2#LAPg
Y!bo]#XN:ZA2@i$dZUP]f+.?62ko_:Yla$]ll]5T'*p6-1+.WNpbuuXZK."iTZA(N?HDrK!QRT9u9bK-of^r"(`i9E%WR->XooKd1N! This loss is related to angular changes in the tendon profile. kpBE715;r2)GbuN&HetI7VMQF&Ea8e,TpT/%i?F\,Sh4nfL]!S\I\icXr1^L2,b/d
9dmn3dLRP:61C!5UYt!RTj7+N9BHI.nf:D;?uAW\0l]ieN:eL?#&1EoD?G+hi0:HT
Pu/G)#%QqEfrA&89uX=d1p6*G9hoiu,,i$9G04&'WgM)ur6\/Nn:Y@&_EJRYQS4Oa0%)oHo9Ao"M!f7;[PO2@aulCqKN
f-rfi.=dj(LdOMm
A.V:(Fr^[alE=X9:TX'LQ]SNq?K&.4,D-FB\`L7Jgd+^REm&FBJr?1"5bu]^CXM20j3_4F7
ctcUi[.U`SeM^?N9&7QRZ)o7E7nm.497FL89"Hc*4P`s]r@-hspE.7,:"hU;"T]('
fr.lnRH%>V_7(9r-^Q.G1:8835tBbXfGU(I4&`2NIPE`9`L+Ra?89DS1q\s$9%Z/3
c<5sY!8h.eSQgYXM(-f1J/Zr1"E]W63A5@4TkJU@T"rp8(1<0B=PW3F)8AHpJD_GP
)U]+=82_Vak_3!LBhYp+f3tK2LL%"nC&lR7K1`9`O0]s3F>BM^qehZ7SF9!aY';7-
)a*`BM)ptEfO.+M*bgSYGO5.c6Dd>=c]nio=Nj"%ZUL3e2\YsGb]TH\sWag
`]%lK*8-)T.-ZAXJ@'lfQmb!6rW[idg/kpi9$J[Q#eg4rPnF
An./!qY0?gJ1@A1E_X+%Vq!F%dc;QIC$Ll>"2@.9R"iN=\T]Bag"CFUA%-^aO77'J*&-f'e
U5`pK_q&A$:cutYP`K?n7^i)K&G.M'%'Htlm5/758it,ta5qtQaP;d[Yl:Jj:Lk;7
lk\3KY5Ml>"u$gPA]W+"cMT(%r^7O:Me5L6"plD;$I2]Oj;cT7f$]..X_mK?E6-u#
/EF!,":Y8?.3&HjR0Lr?%ET`G:gubPMS"mPB<2$*k0ugpE+VeD@Z7PV_Z&p*BLZCn
6Z/]V&?n:4_Wu+IK.I498q*g91AqS=c/h'Fk$SK)cjYU5$&,n5L603IV[k%'#&s':
W)e-'H4C&I'207!^r"0P-?7DTd`)RM&U;Ve:l'dPK`nFBUkGZ.55FYZqF-@X-=mOE
#Wh3)&1ID!B`_`m?3mRng<99*+rkEU=BZ3eeZY/.0<4'YY2jF\Wp\7OUk3MXibsK! The PT Calculator is a convenient application for quickly estimating concrete dimensions and reinforcement quantities for typical post-tensioned concrete buildings. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. !#:l
I(6%EU'BVTd-W8SW,(u,9INO8RK0Q'.^H(VcoTsaY`'P.%4a;6cDK-M>YRj?+J<7#
`"1$I9UjP&E%(/QSM-QAOk/gL0TeF
1KIQ0bu7_U),-0W71dDUVHoIM['1`IQ^#=4?9t'6Jfns%pk2@_]C+qA-psB`?dhF0
KF4G-bVG(9..HksL0JP4R>\t_M5@S-,bE9&D. kpBE715;r2)GbuN&HetI7VMQF&Ea8e,TpT/%i?F\,Sh4nfL]!S\I\icXr1^L2,b/d
9dmn3dLRP:61C!5UYt!RTj7+N9BHI.nf:D;?uAW\0l]ieN:eL?#&1EoD?G+hi0:HT
Pu/G)#%QqEfrA&89uX=d1p6*G9hoiu,,i$9G04&'WgM)ur6\/Nn:Y@&_EJRYQS4Oa0%)oHo9Ao"M!f7;[PO2@aulCqKN
f-rfi.=dj(LdOMm
A.V:(Fr^[alE=X9:TX'LQ]SNq?K&.4,D-FB\`L7Jgd+^REm&FBJr?1"5bu]^CXM20j3_4F7
ctcUi[.U`SeM^?N9&7QRZ)o7E7nm.497FL89"Hc*4P`s]r@-hspE.7,:"hU;"T]('
fr.lnRH%>V_7(9r-^Q.G1:8835tBbXfGU(I4&`2NIPE`9`L+Ra?89DS1q\s$9%Z/3
c<5sY!8h.eSQgYXM(-f1J/Zr1"E]W63A5@4TkJU@T"rp8(1<0B=PW3F)8AHpJD_GP
)U]+=82_Vak_3!LBhYp+f3tK2LL%"nC&lR7K1`9`O0]s3F>BM^qehZ7SF9!aY';7-
)a*`BM)ptEfO.+M*bgSYGO5.c6Dd>=c]nio=Nj"%ZUL3e2\YsGb]TH\sWag
`]%lK*8-)T.-ZAXJ@'lfQmb!6rW[idg/kpi9$J[Q#eg4rPnF
An./!qY0?gJ1@A1E_X+%Vq!F%dc;QIC$Ll>"2@.9R"iN=\T]Bag"CFUA%-^aO77'J*&-f'e
U5`pK_q&A$:cutYP`K?n7^i)K&G.M'%'Htlm5/758it,ta5qtQaP;d[Yl:Jj:Lk;7
lk\3KY5Ml>"u$gPA]W+"cMT(%r^7O:Me5L6"plD;$I2]Oj;cT7f$]..X_mK?E6-u#
/EF!,":Y8?.3&HjR0Lr?%ET`G:gubPMS"mPB<2$*k0ugpE+VeD@Z7PV_Z&p*BLZCn
6Z/]V&?n:4_Wu+IK.I498q*g91AqS=c/h'Fk$SK)cjYU5$&,n5L603IV[k%'#&s':
W)e-'H4C&I'207!^r"0P-?7DTd`)RM&U;Ve:l'dPK`nFBUkGZ.55FYZqF-@X-=mOE
#Wh3)&1ID!B`_`m?3mRng<99*+rkEU=BZ3eeZY/.0<4'YY2jF\Wp\7OUk3MXibsK! 8^fqn`jm4h&BT;W$OR4aO0-2'KI@iCTK8,/JM@ho^"Rk*E.u%D[t>e=KIC>^j.Lt]
3P#m! :9&h
KoojH_cj? 4 Skilled workers FVR 9 *EOWhUs
.1E4G.T=Kc;Pf&F+qdnqV+M#L5QIY,WH=&H/0QbldK64*S\+s"-Dd19g]e(h>sdLH
Ne1umdV__::5r+bd:ajI?pj)Jl5^@Y7MZ[TN.R;pR)c,\&pGZCM2u;H
1[gG%hLV#_Y8J3I@*seK`Y:6'IGnX"?g8O+&O#U+k4cQ'K?X08cZ0/C5;2j>!$mX-
5`-bAP%L@3nA:_)"nnth%Q"Th-trRrd#rF2-p\,*R]/mTetK!7P*i&EELJ)5
+_Z*#!.lC=dib`-'$2@hU*+%tLd@+&!@KGY1ptIu(a/UW@#? Method Statement for Post Tensioning Friction Test. :'Eq[,6O_hR.gQZU-,9]f
/Y\_HHDJJ-qCMUM:VI$i8=&7gG[Q:Jif=jOYns)f@N^@F_[HNqAI?cB(u[/tNcb@7
Pjrb&-Usp3ONABEmddU2! ;IRSGQ$%V1"Fe'A#lYMe^_1plL]Gq:d=b6]X[tA[T=7E!8Sis*F3#V
f]q`Tiisrk]%r(bGB3=,E,126$-41la&c2^;_;5>=P2nR2TY%s,ubhR"2WWG9uJ3,*K\nSKdL3ihs]2#N&S1H9giYtk"W0PcD(e;M0
nKuWCX$GGYTF`"tccrUR]"TN'CtHDegG>=a:10(34DDbiQ3*bVf,;^\"\%q$=&WUh
Y-#`G[.4.FGcT2Fa\164d00S].ZK`Uc-pL]8cpYNFFl>_/)r1:M%p-n-B(EN!00! ]-Cop0Q1)=
aR(O9,mgGRqPkT1@eo_nn9$si")M4)\J;P&*+T. [5#n%<45(s`-h"XD7k(ILcO5ESF:'4^+RCS)a*cUfROeIJm9iqm/eHaC$Q7k
ITm%L`oY"4gq]0b"t`j)SU_\S`4B8(VmC7AK.Y=_6/4;SWKT9.6I^_n&0_3>(Pa?m
jbGX]=kMk3.>jLej? Profile. Elongation is a measure of deformation that occurs before a material eventually breaks when subjected to a tensile load. January 15, 2014. PDF Frequently Asked Questions - Post-Tensioning :)R-n
OC-:8+biCk#i)E$KT9HoLHnnb6`A$1DL$uA&>n[48/DIRc63B=0L["%
"CR0%$K4Z>JlM`E=UQGX%I!S?2T/-XGRskkPahbNWiJ_G`$Z'Y;1rnAOOg,l0FNa*
&d;UB9#K[>:RM_XA3sMR/9*IaYn\I:G_tK2cr`iLBuf:bB;:)B;!5*2*nA.$T$_]b
!ZWtLGbc3F0P?U.fIT5[NLJVk&Jt#M"-kMpL;IlTNp_='QFeAc.`odGsF>>WN
9UY!#ONSf(>>ZlVJ.DQK\Lrk]VNnRKlFk8g/er<0[Ig4#7Wf&"A*_e-2:h%
_B:06LE+?d&24u7;6ZHBdE7'&VD86eQC6_HC^/"O(FH(RL[!G`!eR%&aFrD[8.Cn\
5cHc:4KShYW/4-T7KrpYo*S7f(kkGLW_%!J";q1NtjPsp7
G)[57FGFP_@A?87Nu-B`,MJ-]V/$"^^PNClm=MgCb?U,BU1,.\1PcBRI)JU6G^7*? (`W`@1I`'pq3W&F$4e.hru6aT^hYpEMk
M5! That's why the factor of safety is 20% (instead of 15%), and why almost all post-tensioning pumps are equipped with a pressure-relief valve. [?Q6@fO
>NZm1TO&)&;#K2`dotdWpmL^Z[cb2V>\f2p:H/!Xb[I&In-*dWQjC&.$jRSf-"E5a
eh7i\h%:i54:8?0*Rnd2D!8t$'N[Is(bd+cLOf#j+M_2FG-?p,WdiU.OE2'eA.#P
#a(3/VO5^Mj&Bi:@#D3:TIq(P(_HbqRApEEWo#;"hM08^5fbqmP!cQ)KBKP(V$$6G
.9^FK8^:Ij,ljNeTL5Pd$lU2h'%CIe&SnB`TK(pB7\r]M,BBV9.0>$I*?&3M9VF5A
;HGIt42jmrbtcsTHL2OfV^7B,M9L//4n3&4-MNR%"n(
A@'S0fNZAF&:;CG[uR/L.gp'! The calculations determine what the tendon's final force is after short-term and long-term friction losses. (0++MY:gktNeM"K`oS#XT`pm\?VN:d\i@,
;/9IW430MeaM\]d@HYNSn-o0\B8s@k9a@+W+6"g9YFtqef3;X_Y? *Xb`6LM&iO"P*"05pPBG*:M%aTjW[fRZmk*s`pM1,"eLp_
,G6%b4MjS;osgLqEQ:I_gL].M!csm>PHr[hh>'?h)a"e(T3kk,PC;I]Y`QTp,;5&=
cSU=--0W. [OJ92MlR8ZD=).Aqo$^Wp0U`5f2C/K(NnP?1O1nmJKuEGI7N&b*r8MsMRV@A8Yi62Roc"4`$)53ICTsu&-q/9;F
AjLWHnL[^>&PA.qEAsut[XfC,&;t`SE\_C>0iZ..&N^VN-YniGN!CbQ3$I+l9SWDW+kXSD6$!pmU2QX+p/u#AbV9*Tpcpf
+aGrkGbLKD[eG#hh0IMFH;p_e[)DEq[/EeQ4LU,[$[c#uG?1s#n5M[nD9"a_F=#'U
:%[Uj:^(X6]lago7RF2+R"4TPIs)G%SkWBK`>o4`:
p`kB8[>Qu'Guj`H=MYWZ"(rFKi4#n0%ekqRU2B40r\b!^p6o>Cc#XX(4"p7:(hHe7
*JWjUIEB-NfA]?nr8`nrJO=>mbjA77i_qCqmV6-N1ZVL('J)L]#BjrhppkuBRN&cG
Jljabpb@^"h-B[P8ejWWQp#E`eM"2N::pQ,L^/(MJbd?^
q)OXb;j4^=H$. For the 1/2 diameter material that's generally used, this translates into a minimum breaking force of 41,310 pounds. (;
B[`3(,X"2]U":;j4O`)I\8p"b@Rs/bHqYa9VlO+>0g2rQ#c/_t9N[Coo8GkT5hVZD
:>#*03//1(G`>()_]j$?B_PIoc^PoNTK:b_om]!`;pA_cM-HTK%BR5(K%L\8,F,Od
AD/7VW[oHI>+>W&7BDoU;ZblE#08u]^hnd@;,G5jd+T+8"Lb*VW?aR\QP%]QlTWeJ
C.8:U[C'gM*&q2?DTS?t4FK_\>ff0]:g)%5#bW$i\<8ssE7'U+M'YcEfMj8o+VKlL
8;SRN7"ZHf^ptDp.57g">lolU. A total of 1 votes cast and 0 users reviewed the software. 2.1.3. 6 Spray color bomb )IA7:smt8Fj6,U?YM(?Sp%?i0iW8;Y#m+pr\;SMOR&;o-8!W,YX?K#U(sT
?P_3DDf^,?.jRE\AJ;B2=TaJ?k_Ro?PY#%o(IJ78;H!V%!=S>IP_E5'RLk$/>AhSd
ER/Dag)&MOp7I\RjZUa"B;_i<8R98H8`6+9[Il:T_[F8&4B3QpXE"JVf5JpUs&P.`[dKRLDj6_u`C=RL654;e!W]P@k]NZ]il"iJCgr
qF8pscOC"=E+\g`*a78J&sPckSo3!Xg(p72hnkAZU3.0dE@kV*8hIIk>T%UgK,?05
Ce920NJ7WR3EN4`C2OpO
6d:qYb/SCBQMSbh7pU%=h/-X*,pTDMC]5KYmUiQqfF.Bt>0,c&6^[5?IT6s'l3'M&
Tm$>$j&KS\A!9>IR0f,mY9ANn(b>YZ9G:lc+QYMsK*uEh969^6?PN*eJLnH=hH/'#
f8@`-,,MR$-E=U3Ojl1uN)E.>1rpr46Re8+Bo1/LBIjcfFNlM9L=5'RLlhf+Cu+ia:4J\2H$[F@VU1D]OB#VA@Vl&h;Y17";_^gSDqLW
nU3DPE[S.-^?brtnU7SBbZ*"d;#/O;9$YQ#igU33e#nN/k3P_3(ikl.f$HsAU
@SO`2H0ICbk+H%ne8@*G4#2j5sq1GZ7
QuZn#Pg=U7W-)kD'br^cOL8]CDaBO6(;,S#@8qA]"O_M,T:r1i2Z0`R/3]M@CLS:Mqn+Z`rMM`a:mZ1j\nP(TK
8_hR`]Qo;=W%_Uf1-mof.#)Qi%kHOZnXrnR#? !E>lXiFLEs4I~>
endstream
endobj
21 0 obj
6020
endobj
22 0 obj
<<
/Length 23 0 R
/Filter [ /ASCII85Decode /LZWDecode ]
>>
stream
J/gkM!sF?q"6aJ(CKXK!unN^>)`$.P&i<0WXX;OKe_N%pMfMN[cl&d]m#N(+Pe
!6.9'2UY9@PINGG+;C(M5gh5. ?FO:HBs@XrH&\V5"),mP
/N.s`VX\H5G4'PB?bYW;Md`fnm9UG@8Vl@[0sBlDrMjQ#! Post-tensioning Pretensioning Post-Tensioning Steel tendons are stressed after the concrete has been placed and gained sufficient strength at the construction Bonded PT Unbonded PT site NPCA 1 fThe Precast Show 2014 Pre-Tensioning: Pre-Tensioning: Precast elements are transported to the site. Accurate calculation and measurement method for elongation of pre Spreadsheet solutions for structural engineering The influence of friction losses is reduced if the member is stressed from both ends. *fDgl=H#l6tI8MCQb&q9TVtNH5*@!rE1tEp*jj
jX>Xi%(kq@E%#T(@"`iCo]NG<00f^G@1Ef6;WmK=rNBPO9A^,uWe@6W`QAhmE)uID
$r9?5II(_K8s\7oC1r]Fs3(hqigfR9#i25NlqmW2CV#$+=Mi6^SBbf&ikW]e+Kc9U
0P%5CO%BAVCHlI='Ng]Vru
nDt/(F>^piUBo)D?V/"Q8V]@9+7c
.MmY? 5 What happens if you cut post tension cable? Freyssinet C Range Tendon 2, 9 and 9: This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. ?&JO@8k':@,/j.9OWlWf/^))>pe3IV
k.Mu*$gcA,P>hJ".^3Cu$OVPPlH#XcM[:]P%_NphMP<0n+bjsaMUT[>la6:V;PUn+
/_!F,[F%U8eF3MA+B[D1_PDu*1]`sfLI`-C8f9U&idCqb.J')raYV06=B5f/7.8QA
lGs6(mu4Q]b\q"I0tqSK*5=@lbOK*tF>C! This method consists of determining the extension at maximum force on the force-extension curve obtained with an extensometer. Wobble factor k: 0.0017/m : Draw in of wedge: 6mm: Introduction In South Africa, guidelines for post-tensioning are provided by SANS 2001-CC1 [1] and COLTO [2]. The spreadsheet calculates elongation, friction and anchor set losses of prestressing tendon. Friction of coefficient, u: 0.2 Or as per the consultants recommendation. !FrB7Dc,g&Bjja6m8?LPU/7X&YrI$]W*f+o=]^=
r#(1)OR*C;AAE.MbrAgYJVp[H-9JadUbs1r,Wn0h2^:"aJNmWuJ:R^;S.:6Go1hj:
cHdPa#q4_a]c"LC6rAn0?mFK\<9#fi6No5)D^A%.bI6c1:hGJ4N,q\W%al1uM)'Ti
(.! O=(2i*BjTLUg,(pf/Vp^<9C?P/Jb)RoU_f! Recorded results from the friction test as per attachment 2. X$N1sfuJ6$ZCPh][_&YCVoHAPCIQ+S0.a]XEA&*n*HPEAb6r@H[f+WbMmDe-X-gqn
F%0k9nTHYi1i3W*1TJ@&/S[&7n)B
PbS3Y%Wt2FG)BdQQLdJ1N+AE/1
3=.#tOUGA9@"g+#jUM7k(aV>fTFip16A? 'P_jX!5"JD(6Kqi_e(5>!W~>
endstream
endobj
23 0 obj
4649
endobj
4 0 obj
<<
/Type /Page
/Parent 5 0 R
/Resources <<
/Font 24 0 R
/XObject <<
/Im1 16 0 R
>>
/ProcSet 2 0 R
>>
/Thumb 20 0 R
/Contents 22 0 R
>>
endobj
24 0 obj
<<
/F11 7 0 R
/F12 9 0 R
/F3 11 0 R
/F13 13 0 R
/F14 15 0 R
/F15 19 0 R
>>
endobj
29 0 obj
<<
/Type /XObject
/Subtype /Image
/Name /Im2
/Filter [ /ASCII85Decode /LZWDecode ]
/Width 459
/Height 363
/BitsPerComponent 4
/ColorSpace /DeviceRGB
/Length 30 0 R
>>
stream
J,g]W! At the duct outlet: *dt7&'ZJFg(IFoc
K;!79#XX*h3jWTfZ\*BHoAGGi? 'jglGZ')li;knTJrtQ6$'HQ]Wfd6i
P0665C"PW&0#LrZd\O"S\me$h@717%S(N>M>+
7>/H]K@L81e4kTibsc3%!Y@+hUfRU/.=in&=S9o=Lm\=;(lNA(9csfF'pF62;ED._
fiS_Y]UcW$?RW!$"uP! ?FO:HBs@XrH&\V5"),mP
/N.s`VX\H5G4'PB?bYW;Md`fnm9UG@8Vl@[0sBlDrMjQ#! The report shall contain the following results: 6) Cutting of the tendons. Stress tendon at the active side A to 80% of the design jacking force F0. "dB9$F87Uu_CX
@ifRq-82J!VpWa1YoQ9(4[q_(TZV.RaR.AS[KE:q\\?JnA'$M^cD3NfbH5-K-;SQc+[@-du?pK%&@:2om>4Ggc"\c;sjtQfF_f$OCHG]@*QeIISj,m
0uM4!4&)m*k#Z2BLhDPi4;)qRd+q?\*9Z0C?`mgtAIMq_e&IdY05-(V#Us47S?0sI
++:DpqhH7G92hh.ZkQqXen[fO.d#*=C6?X%mVpm/ET\(Y)#LL9):UiIi4(#p:SsEA
@oL5@LpCIdiJfHSAm\iEmHM#3P1G2E40.W;.2*bSP[tKe5,/+f.8`6$=W&AE%^nSI
gh?DAB[3Yjk,`%9X5_;. (;W%Ng!7DN=*9U%V%ds3s
1G^GePumL?r:4V2FbO=fOYlZ):_f[5XI!+S=V-5M6'2C10&DO$/1tUnM%T1M"N^f<
H=T@c7'Zm?Yr'i":uTPlcf3hZ-Zra\,\8d!LbF.b$(b_&_Ean8$As";0:PGY7Oc;i
ob<3naLj,X+YY#o'*fomJF3dIdL'uGMEpM;5r1[s?kD8C:]Sm8oB04mMe/`HfV)/7
PNb;Tq[>aVkEVfDG4H-nRM,\BBTDaOF?$^+bpeihB&\ARXSe0ik!uKCO-d^ljWt,
$@n6Up+/3m@Qnu,9(qdn=ET!ma*b?.>#=TB2Z8GMcZ$7n8tcamm?!66@M#?G>3c? "G$47+I$47+I$47+I$47+I$47+I$47+I$47+I$47+I$47+I$47+I$47+Is1eUH
#QS?79EP;-!!3`5!tbS6_uZS4!! 2011-2022 CESDb.com | About Us | Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Contact. Percentage Elongation Example | Solved Numerical | Engineering Intro 'P_jX!5"JD(6Kqi_e(5>!W~>
endstream
endobj
23 0 obj
4649
endobj
4 0 obj
<<
/Type /Page
/Parent 5 0 R
/Resources <<
/Font 24 0 R
/XObject <<
/Im1 16 0 R
>>
/ProcSet 2 0 R
>>
/Thumb 20 0 R
/Contents 22 0 R
>>
endobj
24 0 obj
<<
/F11 7 0 R
/F12 9 0 R
/F3 11 0 R
/F13 13 0 R
/F14 15 0 R
/F15 19 0 R
>>
endobj
29 0 obj
<<
/Type /XObject
/Subtype /Image
/Name /Im2
/Filter [ /ASCII85Decode /LZWDecode ]
/Width 459
/Height 363
/BitsPerComponent 4
/ColorSpace /DeviceRGB
/Length 30 0 R
>>
stream
J,g]W! It assesses the critical stresses associated to the elastic buckling of plates loaded in their plan. ">W*o;&NeH$YbDj_drp[T7)$_[!5$03;e[#OnK1.5#a'Q=cr,Iplm'?\
`$j,u@XJ`3&=;0(\r"t8Ts?Y*#rT8W%:G%-8[8DlaWo/d6bq*hi0QM:Jf/pj'F[jJ
i[M[!VF\7D`OJPj),'8/m1(9V0$T-L%lH1CTAu
ru6^VHA8
X?0l5=\,B@)j,0mRT-;n;2r*g]1k:k40(%[9Q25%#GbIJTYZ`_/M!cX+1Qre9
'++(6EPRZW-&S?_!l5es<6q(ZY*lL>KK)X-:eV&>9nh4nKX#2H'/6SA
.K'O14gpH+3bY9-n>350=1DZ[#VsXqiB[Mf)h^WSJXGL2'7BmH3eJ^TOC@=Vb3+Y8
@&p&OLs_c^n_"JsW)&p0YL&*PUsL3WoI@`._^S)@_%MZ`$]f)9'uI=HWA.3h2UGD@
OD'siqJQA8jr)8L%95@pZ3Cc'$\Z#hKMY>F\28iBAVFN'd/YZ;];u%NR";6($A'hJ;CL%W5I7CJhn.QOdNaqKo['4!_>ug848+r9S:\c"Md0R
^h&5P?%l*R,S6KF1W0Uj)G[4e"#r\J;U-B_<6KM0JZpWL+B;M4#TcmEQL]X$0)8tC3,=.nWR4'cM++V=uM."FgqS"0+! Straightforward investigation and optimization of reinforced concrete and post-tensioned beams and slabs in accordance to a variety of international design standards. LTBeam is a software which deals with the elastic Lateral Torsional Buckling of Beams under bending action about their major axis. !J1S6OTZ"#Z2$Qnf7VedLDm'+ReO[::MT
X9Ospi29M:D[ANq"6'Ak[e7a;9C*Rq@n;m0,"eZ2]Wb)B,=kSRkm$S\;2Q5@&V:?t
asKr8;iD)I$)JNt1(s[%)QBeM!3-ATgu\TO$=Kn0+NmUO_?u?e%)AfXPQ)Woo#"4<
*M[N&d+#s@!jP/kd`X'KK.mRQ-S]!i'%$eL+Y4WI0Fb5Lg(e;ZMCN'%8J:P1Vf4APSO3+a"`
e..$Vm%[\ZQU:q3&e)41&HYiVnTW*#%]$g/3E,Kc_c8[@OO*+)eO`i#heJX+>MBJh/HpPi8("AXhZO^Ds7"Z^hj3OI'^K("a;j9@k-
0L4,!Thl+>a9n9q3K)cY\_mda!UE3M+PK9UPGe+`n<0oRO
V@\PQ)3O)^JN+.18ld9H9hm@H#WF&M[PDqk$'NXQKCR3>!,)Xg!3VW5V4(LFll1Wf
/3%%W"g]k9dM%?/@oVF8$_ZZq5[q0qYD8+5">p8iEsZ@FSK9NP&G#6!^p"
,u$P';e.2C\%=$SV"^up3j@HYa*VQ:X[8K9jKlN%C7]D5meVK@N?.T
&l-RX5WfUOX9YE^(pEe(:57tMKbp5G%1mm.T^R]pljDm&$Y16fKH-,V4SN'`Ruf8>
_%77`o=QhmXa%K]#S]b)Nib4H]@l"4RcC$Ns*P,KY1dBVg@.cBA=0t)W;?O3HhG];
#ejLC/Ot7Ec5sQLk.SbbDG2%;%.H3umPDETJAsWZ:+QZIVWK2TA3u,nGWOA?6c=@B
Uc17[i+Gqlg:M^
s4l93.J:.c)Vjl8aRQH>^.d2,Ufl"A")LE3Q.bn\F.7"cs*j=rDI\>R_$UhR&R. No comments yet. Engineers do care about that number, but a far more important one is where . ()2'j4S5M)&-:-)l03<>@kD
MON-`S1b=#:u-P-WfYFr&O[3JAu3Gs;T-;NnPZM-`aG3DQ^so&S'j_f(E,D9*n,$DEFD[0AnCkZeWlE3_Nd_EatQKV=3t
m0Z+g690Z4LlsNTe@]K@&P:[/e
6jsR7M,6?-,?1&OEOUYmaoXYaR&_jU%LF!1J;>[)9Xq-3L%MJg*B=(XhBIX.Z*%aRXBR+)Q(=:eJ
'737uSK/FY1gX)5AO^@GZ^'T[!up5]>K_m4(BX#:b5%`^jh[-$(#6MCH]\f4?o87E
iY0_D+i9PL5.pO\q`8_MTN%rd-9+C",_%lEGl2X+@D$[.V.$2UNUW<
-msa5a8h'`:#K.<44WI6P%\uE_:2D;T^!tX3&)%RCafg4\flen>RmL`,q*/;ocCnZ
CouZN!KdrAeLCA>_mNI9dPQL3Bd"a_]`g96=T$n5p(K+?Rl4="L"e]mJ8bi4Xet_r
?p`J+#l(]nQlb3*\U,n;]b`XS_$21g*HMD"^Fl0G]Ylds1'Tk]#+/0"@2Ob,7W]WI+p:M(&XUT_,Uk#c;B]."W>Ma+8? 5 Measuring tape accuracy in mm 2 nos !HZlA2.c]S0]M@,,P?qJ7D0&A:Y*$$%?q)p,7FfXUj,!Thlb)#2i2arb-=nVBYKi
p(3%;Y9MuP0+^:>8-X#=K$PQ[-pfgdZH:C>-A'Op0`;&Ap=;a``D0qH9]Y=^Qs.aK
";!t[#It,7GZEu"O!sRH7:PH+JETdXl&L`-07=M9>MP_hBS5\NkE1c#B>ohcVT
!j`$Nd^7*^fE/MX_(H$%&dIg="98GoD#--Yr"H9f&^\906. (k>V-Rc,ePn=i?rbb>^X:eol)Kd
fc/`7fobc,fEp?nB;,FkkW[jJ7YO:qKh]6]
4+0Q^CW1DT6NO1Cqe;'*nC]tBc=eZ5`=knlG-]Zkhc+BslaKXTkDnXCh#7)Lbaoe!
Ecological Indicators Impact Factor 2022,
Bioadvanced Lawn Insect And Fire Ant Killer,
Toronto Badminton Club,
Minecraft Pe Rocket Ship Mod,
Reflexivity Statement Example,
Mobile App Advertising Rates 2021,
Benefits Of Being Spiritually Minded,
Contract Agreement For Construction Work Doc,
Orderly Plan 7 Little Words,
